A woman of menopausal age might have the following tests ordered:

• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): to learn whether she is approaching or has gone through menopause;
• Estradiol: to measure ovarian production of estrogen and to evaluate whether the menstrual cycle is normal and if she is fertile; 
• Thyroid function testing (free T4 and TSH): to test the function of the thyroid gland, which can slow with age;
• Lipid profile: to test for triglycerides and the good (HDL) and bad (LDL) cholesterol levels in the blood to assess for cardiovascular disease;
• Complete blood count (CBC): to determine the adequacy of the number of red and white blood cells in the blood;
• Chemistry tests for liver and kidney function: to see if she can tolerate hormone replacement therapy; and
• Blood pressure check.

If a woman has risk factors or symptoms of diabetes, her doctor may also order a glucose test to learn whether the sugar levels in the blood are too high.

As estrogen levels drop, bones can get weaker. For guidelines on bone density testing, see the National Osteoporosis Foundation.