The goals of treatment are to control the underlying conditions causing proteinuria and to minimize its progression. Treatment for each condition is likely to be different. For example, controlling blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes will help to preserve kidney function. In patients with hypertension, it is important to control blood pressure to prevent progressive kidney damage. Preeclampsia-related proteinuria usually resolves once the baby is born.

In some patients with persistent proteinuria, the doctor may recommend dietary changes such as altering the amount of protein consumed. No treatment may be necessary for mild or transient proteinuria.